华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2013, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 87-93.

• 经济学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

个人观念、集体观念与制度变迁

蒋万胜, 张凤珠   

  1. 陕西师范大学新闻与传播学院／西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院，陕西西安，７１００６２
  • 出版日期:2013-01-15 发布日期:2013-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 蒋万胜, 张凤珠
  • 作者简介: 蒋万胜, 张凤珠
  • 基金资助:

    陕西省软科学项目（2009KRM028）的阶段性研究成果

Individual Ideas, Collective Ideas and Institutional Transition

JIANG Wan-Sheng, ZHANG Feng-Zhu   

  1. College of News and Dissemination/ Northwest Institution of Historical Environment and Social Economic Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi
  • Online:2013-01-15 Published:2013-03-27
  • Contact: JIANG Wan-Sheng, ZHANG Feng-Zhu
  • About author: JIANG Wan-Sheng, ZHANG Feng-Zhu

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摘要： 观念按其存在形态可以区分为个人观念与集体观念两种类型。个人观念弥散到一定的范围，就通过个人自觉、集体模仿、社会舆论三条途径实现向集体形态转化，聚合成集体观念。集体观念是群体成员所广泛接受的观念，将单个自由的个人组成群体，使其成为一个有凝聚力的团体。它通过对群体成员的行为共同约束，使群体成员能够产生一致的行动，生成制度发挥作用的重要条件。集体观念变化是制度变迁的先兆，构成制度变迁的路径，引导着制度变迁的方向。当集体观念发生变化时，原有的制度不再适应变化了的集体观念，制度与集体观念就会相互削弱，集体观念就会推动现有制度的变化，促使新的制度产生。

关键词: 意识形态, 个人观念, 集体观念, 制度变迁

Abstract: According to their existing form, ideas fall into two categories: individual ideas and collective ideas. When disseminated to a certain extent, individual ideas turn into collective ones through individual awareness, collective imitation and social opinions. Widely accepted by group members, collective ideas bring free individuals together into a cohesive community. Restraining the behaviors of community members, collective ideas enable community members to conduct consistent actions, which is essential to an institution. The change of collective ideas is the sign of institutional transition, and it can also direct institutional transition. When collective ideas start to change, original institutions will no longer adapt to the changed collective ideas. At this time, institutions and collective ideas will weaken each other, and collective ideas will promote the change of the existing institutions and the birth of new ones