Social Assistance: Its Concept, Pattern and Structure in Different Perspectives

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2005.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

The social assistance has attracted increasing attention in the international study of social policy since the 1970s. Based on an analysis of relevant theories and practices of social assistance at home and abroad, this paper aims to make interpretations of the concept of social assistance in some different perspectives. It is helpful for a reconstruction of the social assistance system in China to review developments of social assistance, compare differences and similarities of its various concepts and patterns, and identify different social assistance systems and structures.

Key words: social assistance, concept, classification, structure

CLC Number:

C913.7

Chen-xi HUANG. Social Assistance: Its Concept, Pattern and Structure in Different Perspectives[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2005, 37(3): 88-97+124.

Figures/Tables 3

References 33

1	Alcock P. . 1999, Poverty and Social Security, In R.M.Page & R.Silburn, British Social Welfare in the Twentieth Century. Basingstoke, New York: Macmillan Press; St.Martin's Press.
2	Barker, R.L., 1999, The Social Work Dictionary (4th ed. ), Washington, D.C. : NASW Press.
3	Stitt S. . 1994, Poverty and Poor Relief : Concepts and Reality. Aldershot, England: Avebury Pub.
4	Eardley T. , et al. 1996, Social Assistance in OECD Countries (Volume I): Synthesis Report. London: HMSO.
5	Ditch, J., 1999, Full Circle : A Second Coming for Social Assistance, In J. Clasen (Ed. ), Comparative Social Policy : Concepts, Theories, and Methods, Oxford; Malden, MA : Blackwell Publishers.
6	Brown J. , Hausman P. , Kerger A. . 1999, Recommendations on Common Criteria Concerning Sufficient Resources and Social Assistance in the Social Protection Systems. Luxembourg: CEPS/INSTEAD.
7	尚晓援等. 中国社会救助体系改革研究报告[EB/01]. http://www.mca.gov.cn/news/content/search/20041343720.html, 2004-01-03/2004-03-06.
8	OECD . 1998, The Battle against Exclusion. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
9	Howell, F., 2001, Chapter 7 Social Assistance : Theoretical Background, In I. Ortiz (Ed. ), Social Protection in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank.
10	Mesa-lago, C., 2001, Social Assistance on Pensions and Health Care for the Poor in Latin American and the Caribbean, In N. Lustig (Ed. ), Shielding the Poor: Social Protection in the Developing World. Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution Press.
11	Subbarao K. , Bonnerjee A. , Jeanine B. , Carvalho S. , Ezemenari K. , Graham C. , Thompson A. . 1997, Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction : Lessons from Cross-Country Experience. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
12	(美)Neil Gilbert & Paul Terrell, 黄晨熹等译. 社会福利政策导论[M]. 华东理工大学出版社, 2003.
13	江亮演 1990, 社会救助的理论和实践. 台北: 桂冠图书公司.
14	多吉才让 2000, 中国最低生活保障制度研究. 北京: 人民出版社.
15	张海鹰 1993, 社会保障词典. 北京: 经济管理出版社.
16	陈国钧 , 1986, 《社会救济法与社会救助法的比较》, 《社会安全》 5 第4期。, 6- 15.
	施德容 , 1996, 《从社会救济到社会救助》, 《中国民政》第5期。, 8- 9.
17	陈良瑾 1994, 中国社会工作百科全书. 北京: 中国社会出版社.
18	闵宗银 , 2000, 《试论完善我国的社会救助制度》, 《广西社会科学》第3期。, 37- 39.
19	时正新、廖鸿 2002, 中国社会救助体系研究. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社.
20	新华社. 什么是城市居民最低生活保障制度[N]. 人民日报, 1999-11-27 (2).
21	Esping-Andersen G. . 1990, The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
22	尚晓援 , 2001, 《"社会福利" 与"社会保障" 再认识》, 《中国社会科学》第3期。, 113- 121.
23	Leibfried, S., 1993, Towards a European Welfare State? In C. Jones (Ed. ), New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe, London : Routledge.
24	Deacon, B., 1997, Developments in East European Social Policy, In C. Jones(Ed. ). New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe, London : Routledge.
25	Goodman R. , White G. , Kwon H.-J. . 1998, The East Asian Welfare Model : Welfare Orientalism and the State. London; New York: Routledge.
26	Jones, C., 1993, The Pacific Challenge : Confucian Welfare States, In C. Jones (Ed. ), New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe, London : Routledge.
27	Løemel, I., 1992, European Poverty Regimes, Paper presented at the International Research Conference on Poverty and Distribution, Oslo. (转引自[5] : 24. )
28	Løemel, I., & Schulte, B., 1992, Social Assistance : A Part of SocialSecurity or the PoorLaw in NewDisguise? Paper presented at the Social Security Fifty Years after Beverage, University of York, UK, September. (转引自[5] : 24. )
29	Gough I. , Bradshaw J. , Ditch J. , Eardley T. , Whiteford P. . , 1997, "Social Assistance in OECD Countries", Journal of European Social Policy, Vol.7 No.1, paper 17- 43. doi: 10.1177/095892879700700102
30	Braithwaite J. , Grootaert C. , Milanovic B. . 2000, Poverty and Social Assistance in Transition Countries. New York: St.Martin's Press.
31	Huang, C. -X., 2003, Social Assistance in Urban China : A Case Study of Shanghai, Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
32	White, G., 1998, Social Security Reforms in China : Towards an East Asian Model? In R. Goodman, G. White, & H. -J. Kwon (Eds. ), The East Asian Welfare Model: Welfare Orientalism and the State, London; New York : Routledge.
33	White, G., & Shang, H. -Y., 1996, Reform of the System of Social Relief and Social Services in China, In G. White & H. - Y. Shang (Eds. ), Reforms in Chinese Social Assistance and Community Services in Comparative Perspective. Brighton, U.K. : Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex.

[1]	Tian-shu PAN, Shen-qi TANG. “The Solitary Mortuary”：The Meanings of Remains in the Context the Medicalization of Death [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2023, 55(4): 96-110.
[2]	Gui-sun CHENG, Zhong-cheng ZHANG. Structure Dimensions and Model Construction of Internet Platform Enterprises’ Social Responsibility：An Exploratory Research based on the Rooting Theory [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2023, 55(3): 155-168.
[3]	Xiao-feng LIU. On the Naming of the Twenty-Four Solar Terms [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2023, 55(2): 93-101.
[4]	Hua-fu JIANG, Jun LIU. National Security Governance Strategy in the New Era：Its System，Idea and Path [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2022, 54(6): 105-111.
[5]	Wei-jie PAN. Rediscovering the Knowledge Base of Modern Legal Order in Historical Materialism [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2022, 54(5): 21-32.
[6]	Tian-fu WANG, Ou WANG. “Alienated” Intergenerational Relationship and the Family Structure Transformation of the Second Generation of Migrant Workers：Taking the Second Generation of Older Single Male Workers as an Example [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2022, 54(1): 95-107.
[7]	Jun WEN. From “Structure-oriented” to “Relationship-oriented”：Reconstructing the Globalization Theory Facing an Era of Uncertainty [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2021, 53(5): 159-173.
[8]	Yun-fan YAO. On the Method of Literary History in Walter Benjamin’s Tragic Drama Studies [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2021, 53(3): 113-123.
[9]	Kui-feng ZHAI. Upper-lower and Square-round：The Spatial Images and Their Virtue Implications in the Early Concepts of Heaven and Earth [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2021, 53(3): 59-66.
[10]	Slote Michael. The Yin/Yang of Pervasive Emotion [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2021, 53(2): 1-9.
[11]	ZHENG Si-qi, SONG Zhi-da, SUN Wei-zeng, WU Jing. Place-based Policies and High-quality Employment: The Empirical Study on the Establishment of SEZs in China [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2020, 52(5): 157-171.
[12]	WEN Jun, LIU Yu-ting. Retrospect and Reflection on the Study of Urban Social Structure in China in the Past 40 Years: An Analysis based on the Research Findings in CNKI & CSSCI [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosoph, 2019, 51(5): 79-89.
[13]	GAO Bo, FAN Xue-rui, WANG Hui-long. Can Land Marketization Narrow the Urban-Rural Income Gap?: Empirical Evidence from 232 Prefecture-Level Cities in China [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosoph, 2019, 51(1): 140-149.
[14]	FAN Jing-bo. On Today's Perceptual Structure of Public Health Service Satisfaction of Residents [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosoph, 2018, 50(6): 163-171.
[15]	GAN Li-hao. Different Types of Understanding the Relationship between “Speech” and “Act”: A Historical Perspective of Conceptual Relationship [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosoph, 2018, 50(3): 98-105.