Abstract: Australia is a major sugar production and export country in the world. The Australian sugar industry has accumulated rich experience through intensive production, application of mechanization, market and environmental management to maintain sustainable development. This paper starts with a brief introduction of Australia’s sugar industry; then it gives a deep study on the development experience of Australia’s sugar industry, and further examines the challenges to Australia’s sugar industry. Finally, some implications for China can be drawn to promote a steady development of China’s sugar industry and enhance its international competitiveness.