Abstract: The dilemma of Chinese government officials’ governance can be summed up as: on the one hand government officials’ group conducts are out of control; on the other hand the modernization process dominated by government has to rely on the government official group’s advancement. The dilemma results from government officials’ lack of a desire and ability of selfdiscipline and inadequate social supervision. As a result, the solutions lie in setting up an institutionalized interest negotiation mechanism and interest balance mechanism based on enhancing social public’s right to know and right of expression, and making full use of supervision by public opinion as a main carrier and important guarantee of public exercising their rights to know and of expression.