Abstract: As the origin of Chinese thought, the Book of Changes has its lasting value. However, the lack of adequate knowledge of the particularity of the Book of Changes as the remains of primeval culture has resulted in frequent misunderstandings and misjudgments in its study. The perspective of cultural anthropology and poetics can help us critically think over such issues as whether Confucius wrote the Commentaries on the Book of Changes, whether the Commentaries were factually written after the Book, which school the Book of Changes belonged to, and who wrote the Book of Changes. With this perspective and method, a new prospect will open up for the study of the Book of Changes as well as Chinese literature in the Pre-Qin period.