Abstract: In early 1980s, a “Sinicization” movement in social sciences was set off in the academic circle in Taiwan. It was first initiated by scholars of sociology, psychology and anthropology, but soon spread throughout the whole circle of social sciences and became the most important academic movement in modern Taiwan. Those important academic subjects brought out during the movement have been also the hot issues studied, discussed and argued continuously in Taiwan’s academic circle for the last 30 years. What’s more, this academic movement was later transformed from “Sinicization” to “localization” with the powerful intervene of various political and ideological forces in Taiwan society, and eventually intersected and overlapped with the “localization” movement in social and political areas. From the perspective of academic history, this thesis is aimed to systematically examine the detailed process of the movement and to analyze the internal and external causes of its transformation from “Sinicization” to “localization” and furthermore to discuss its academic value and experience.