Abstract: As an important foundation of social fairness, equal access to education has been paid much attention by international organizations. UNESCO and OECD, the two typical and influential international organizations, issued a series of educational reports concerning equal access to education, which have deepened the understanding of equal access to education and influenced the educational policies in each country. With an analysis of related reports on equal access to education of these two international organizations, this thesis reveals the similarities and differences of these two international organizations in their understandings and policies of equal access to education, as well as what China can learn from them.