Abstract: Structural analysis is an important construction for Marx to solve the “historical puzzle” and create his theory of social structure. Unfortunately, for a long time, there have been various predicaments of “binary oppositions” in all kinds of Western theoretical analyses of social structure. As a result, although the analysis of social structure was used widely, a tradition of scientific and efficient methodologies has not been formed in fact. In this regard, we should return to Marxist classical tradition. By studying Marx’s analysis of social structure, we find that Marx’s method of structural analysis, which is characterized by the unity of totality and individuality, abstractness and concreteness, stability and dynamic, objectivity and subjectivity, will help us transcend traditional predicaments of “binary oppositions”.