Abstract: After World War Ⅱ, the compensation claim against Germany was greatly concerned by the Soviet Union, the U.S. and the UK because it was related to the national security and economic reconstruction of Soviet Union, the destiny of Germany, and the trend of international situations in post-war Europe. Since the Soviet Union’s compensation claim policy formulated before the Yalta conference had encountered the opposition of the U.S. and the UK, and the agreement reached by hard negotiation became a dead letter, the Soviet Union had no choice but claim compensation only in the German occupied area in the Soviet Union. The formulation, adjustment and implementation of the Soviet Union’s policy of compensation claim against Germany was reciprocal causation with the evolvement of major powers’ relations from cooperation to the Cold War after World WarⅡ. Meanwhile, it deeply changed the Soviet Union, Germany, and the post-war international situation in Europe.

Key words: the Soviet Union, compensation claim against Germany, relations among major powers, international situation, the Cold War