Abstract: When the Communist Party was in power in the Soviet Union, the bureaucratic stratum gradually formed, strengthened itself and eventually collapsed. This phenomenon was characterized by the forming of hierarchy, interest groups and internal closed communication. The bureaucratic stratum and privileges were entangled together, and bureaucracy evolved with the appearance of privilege enjoyment, privilege corruption and multiplied privileges. When the privilege alienation and the institutional transformation eventually occurred, the bureaucratic group cut the flesh and blood ties to the people and party members on the primary level, and its vulnerability became the last straw that caused the final collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. A study of the lesson of the Soviet Union is conducive to understanding the issue of combating corruption and building a clean government and provides important research dimensions and profound historical insights for us to deliberate over party construction, modernization of state administration and their relationship.