华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 42-52.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2025.01.005

• 历史研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

近代上海城市空间形态演进与时空特征研究(1843—1949)

万勇, 牟振宇   

  • 接受日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2025-01-15 发布日期:2025-01-24
  • 作者简介:万勇,上海社会科学院应用经济研究所研究员、教授级高级规划师(上海,200020)
    牟振宇,上海社会科学院历史研究所副研究员
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重点项目“中国沿海口岸城市功能区时空演进研究(1840年至今)”(项目编号:19AZS018)。

On the Evolution and Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Urban Spatial Morphology of Modern Shanghai (1843-1949)

Yong Wan, Zhenyu Mou   

  • Accepted:2024-12-25 Online:2025-01-15 Published:2025-01-24

摘要:

城市空间形态综合反映了城市集聚地的产生、成长、形式、结构、功能和发展。通过对多种历史文献和地图资料的深入分析,可以将上海在1843年至1949年间的空间形态演变划分为六个明显不同的阶段:从“内外城”到“新旧城”,从“带状城”到“三向城”,以及从“块状城”到“主副城”。近代上海城市空间形态演进的时空特征揭示了城市在不同历史时期的制度、经济和文化等特征,可归结为:江河主轴、一路向海;圈层发展、走向开放;多元发展、异质交织。厘清这一城市空间形态历史演进的脉络,有助于我们挖掘更为丰富的城市历史人文内涵,把握未来城市空间形态发展、空间结构优化的方向和主线。

关键词: 城市空间形态, 演进, 上海

Abstract:

The Urban spatial morphology of a city comprehensively reflects its generation, growth, form, structure, function and development. An in-depth analysis of a variety of historical documents and maps shows that the spatial morphological evolution of Shanghai from 1843 to 1949 can be divided into six distinct stages: “inner and outer cities”, “new and old cities”, “belt city”, “three-dimensional city”, “block city” and “main and secondary cities”. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the evolution of modern Shanghai’s urban spatial morphology reveal the institutional, economic and cultural characteristics of the city in different historical periods, which can be summarized as: river-oriented axis, all the way to the sea; circle development, towards openness; diversified development, heterogeneous interweaving. Clarifying the historical evolution of this urban spatial morphology will help us to explore the richer historical and cultural connotations of the city and grasp the direction and main trend of the development and improvement of urban spatial morphology in the future.

Key words: urban spatial morphology, evolution, Shanghai