华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 131-146.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2025.03.013

• 当下经济问题探讨 • 上一篇    

人口老龄化与中国货币政策利率渠道和信贷渠道:理论分析与经验证据

方显仓, 刘倍玮, 张卫峰   

  • 接受日期:2025-04-24 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-28
  • 作者简介:方显仓,华东师范大学经济与管理学院/国际金融研究所教授(上海,200062)
    刘倍玮,华东师范大学经济与管理学院博士生
    张卫峰,通讯作者,西北师范大学经济学院副教授(甘肃兰州,730070)
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金面上一般项目“人口老龄化与货币政策有效性研究”(项目编号:20BJY243);国家社科基金青年项目“人口老龄化对中国财政政策有效性的影响机制和应对策略研究”(项目编号:22CJY022)。

Population Aging and the Interest Rate Channel and Credit Channel of Monetary Policy in China:Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Test

Xiancang Fang, Beiwei Liu, Weifeng Zhang   

  • Accepted:2025-04-24 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-28

摘要:

在人口老龄化背景下,个体经济行为的生命周期特征被迅速累积放大,将会产生显著的宏观经济效应和政策调整压力。基于此,聚焦人口老龄化与货币政策利率渠道、信贷渠道之间的潜在关联,通过把生命周期思想融入IS-LM和CC-LM模型,则可发现:人口老龄化将弱化货币政策信贷渠道,但对利率渠道的影响具有不确定性和不对称性。进一步地,利用1992—2019年季度数据,借助时变参数向量自回归模型和多项式分布滞后模型的实证分析表明,现阶段人口老龄化确实降低了我国货币政策信贷渠道的传导效果,但对利率渠道的传导影响尚未显现。上述研究及结论的启示是:相关方面应当推进货币政策模式由数量型向价格型转变,疏通货币政策利率渠道、信贷渠道,减缓人口老龄化的速度,重视老龄产业发展。

关键词: 人口老龄化, 货币政策, 利率渠道, 信贷渠道, 生命周期

Abstract:

In the context of population aging, the life cycle characteristics of individual economic behaviors accumulate and enlarge rapidly, resulting in significant macroeconomic effects and policy adjustment pressure. Focusing on the potential link between population aging and monetary policy interest rate channel and credit channel and introducing life cycle thought into the IS-LM model and CC-LM model, this paper argues that population aging tends to weaken the credit channel of monetary policy, but its impact on the interest rate channel is uncertain and asymmetric. Further, using quarterly data from 1992 to 2019, an empirical analysis through the time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-SV-VAR) model and the polynomial distributed lag (PDL) model indicates that population aging has weakened Chinese monetary policy credit channel, but the impact on interest rates channels has not yet appeared. The implications of the above research are as follows: The government should promote the transformation of the monetary policy model from quantitative to price-based, smooth the interest rate channel and the credit channel of monetary policy, slow down the pace of population aging, and attach importance to the development of the aging industry.

Key words: population aging, monetary policy, interest rate transmission channel, credit transmission channel, life cycle