华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 114-123.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.013

• 现代中国知识人的心灵秩序 • 上一篇    下一篇

确定性的寻求 
——论五四时期傅斯年的人生观

于海兵   

  1. 华东师范大学历史系，上海，２００２４１
  • 出版日期:2015-01-15 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 于海兵
  • 作者简介:于海兵

The Quest for Certainty: On Fu Ssu-nien’s View of Life in the May 4th Period

YU Hai-bing   

  • Online:2015-01-15 Published:2015-03-20
  • Contact: YU Hai-bing
  • About author:YU Hai-bing

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摘要： 在五四时期，傅斯年的思想世界异常丰富，有不少关于人生问题的讨论。这些论述是在近代中国心灵秩序危机的背景下产生的，反映了傅斯年寻求确定性的思维取向，也展示了他生命的前半期的生活、思想与精神历程。五四运动之前，傅斯年经历了“小孩子”到“弄潮儿”再到“夜猫”的身份转换，并开始探索人生观以解决社会问题与人生问题；但因五四运动的刺激，他的人生观出现了“自然与人生”的危机，从而他决定以研究心理学来寻求确定性，但终无果而转向了历史学和语言学的实证研究中。在寻求过程中，傅斯年从构建个人、社会与历史的秩序到“改造自己”，从信仰到怀疑再寻求，终未跳脱科学实证论的笼罩。他相信科学实证论，却难以安顿人生，这构成了他生命的矛盾，也表征了五四时代的心灵秩序危机。

关键词: 傅斯年, 人生问题, 五四运动, 确定性

Abstract: Fu Ssu-nien’s thought was extremely exuberant in the May 4th Period, and he had discussed the issue of life earnestly. His discussion reflects his intellectual orientation of searching for certainty, and reveals his life and spiritual realm in the May 4th Period. Before the May 4th Movement, Fu Ssu-nien had began to explore the issues of society and life. However, the May 4th Movement provoked the contradiction between “nature” and “life” in his thought, so he decided to study psychology to search for certainty. Eventually, he gave up psychology with disappointment and began to carry out positive study of history and linguistics. Fu was under the influence of positivism in the “self-reforming” and the construction of the order of individual, society and history. He believed in positivism, while it could not provide the meaning of life. This spiritual crisis reflects the crisis of mentality in the May 4th Period.