Abstract: The establishment of new style school institutions and the vigorous rising of “printing capitalism” provided strong motivation of creating blended education system at that time. Moreover, the sudden occurrence of the Revolution of 1911 had solidified and deepened this education system. Textbooks, the core of this education system, had played an important role in the transformation of the formative education system in the first years of the Republic of China. The complexity of the compiling process of these textbooks and the richness of their forms and contents reflect multi-aspects of the formative education, as well as the society as a whole, in the first years of the Republic of China.