Abstract: In the context of the New Culture Movement, Liang Qi-chao corrected his position in earlier years of emphasizing reforming Chinese literature by learning from European literature with an undervaluation of traditional Chinese literature, especially the orthodox literature of poetry. He gave a new analysis and interpretation of the history of Chinese poetry in the frame of studies of ancient Chinese civilization. He argued that the lyric spirit is the fundamental spirit of Chinese literature. In clarifying and explicating the profound lyric tradition in ancient China, he spoke highly of Qu Yuan, Tao Yuan-ming and Du Fu because of their personalities and poetic achievements. Liang Qi-chao rediscovered the lyrical tradition in Chinese literature so as to take it as an important resource and paradigm for the construction of new literature and new culture. Here we will find some disagreement and dialogues between Liang and the mainstream discourse in the New Culture Movement and literary revolution.