华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 74-78.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.04.014

• 文学 语言 • 上一篇    下一篇

近代悲剧观念的变迁

田根胜   

  • 收稿日期:2001-12-10 出版日期:2002-07-01 发布日期:2025-12-11

Development of the Conception of Tragedy in Modern Times

Gen-sheng TIAN   

  • Received:2001-12-10 Online:2002-07-01 Published:2025-12-11

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摘要：

近代关于悲剧的阐释, 明显地分前后两期。前期以梁廷柟、黄启太为代表, 他们以《桃花扇》、《西厢记》为研究对象, 对悲剧探讨的聚焦点主要集中在戏剧结局的诗意联想之中。后期一是以蒋智由为代表, 主要从中外戏剧的比较中, 倡言悲剧有益于社会的强大感染力, 认为我国戏剧界的最大缺憾在于缺少震撼人心的悲剧, 提倡创作“陶写英雄之力”的悲剧, 以传达民族蒙难时期悲壮的美感; 另一代表是王国维, 他在引进西方悲剧观念时, 汲取了叔本华哲学思想中的悲观主义, 体现出了对人生乃至生命价值的近代思考。近代对悲剧观的探讨, 不但对于悲剧规范——类型的建立有意义, 还对传统的戏剧模式和戏剧精神, 特别是传统人生观念和戏剧结构的“圆形意识”构成了巨大的冲击。

关键词: 近代, 悲剧观念, 变迁

Abstract:

In modem times, the interpretations of tragedy were evidently separated into the earlier and the later period. In the earlier period, LIANG Ting-nan and HUANG Qi-tai were major representatives; Tao Hua Shan and Xi Xiang Ji appeared as the investigative object; the poetic imaginative ends of the tragic dramas were the focus of investigation. In the later period, ZHANG Zhi-you suggested that the tragedy should benefit and have a strong influence on society, and dramatists should create heroic tragedies as quickly as possible because of our country lacking of tragedies, while WANG Guo-wei absorbed Schopenhauer's philosophic pessimism and pursued life's value.

Key words: modern times, tragic conception, shift