华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.01.001

• 重启科技与人文的对话 •    下一篇

在人性的范围内——有关科技与人文的一些思考

何怀宏   

  • 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-27
  • 作者简介:何怀宏, 北京大学哲学系教授(北京, 100872)

Within the Limits of Human Nature:Reflections on Technology and Humanities

Huai-hong HE   

  • Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-27

摘要:

当前人类科技与人文、控物能力和自控能力发展的严重不平衡,提醒我们恰恰需要思考今人已经很少思考的人性问题。今天人类将要面对的重大危险可能恰恰是来自人类自身。人性中包含着一种理想性的可能,但也标志出一种可行性的限度,确定了我们所能期望和作为的大致范围。人性可善,人类向善。但人类是否可能普遍和无限地完善呢?单一方向的无止境的进步已经构成一种现代“迷思”,推动着高新技术逾越人类可以控制的范围和高调道德逾越人类可以承担的范围。所以,循环地改善和不断地平衡之路并不是不可以考虑的。我们还可以考虑接受一种基本的普遍道德规范以约束我们的行为,而在价值追求方面也需有所调整,从一意追求控物能力和满足物欲、体欲转向精神的丰富和发展。

关键词: 科技, 人文, 人性, 进步

Abstract:

Nowadays, the serious imbalance between technology and humanities and that between the capability to control things and the ability of self-control reminds us to think over the ignored issue of human nature. The major risk that human beings face today may come from humankind itself. Human nature means not only ideal possibilities but also limits to feasibility, which determines the scope of what human beings can expect and what we can do. Human nature can be good and human beings are moving towards good. Is it possible, however, for the humankind to achieve universal and infinite perfection? Infinite progress in a single direction has formed a modern "myth", which has prompted high and new technology to go beyond the scope within human control and the moral domain that human can bear. Hence, we shall consider an approach of periodic improvement and sustainable balance. We may accept primary universal moral norms to restrict our behaviors. We may also regulate our pursuit of values, eventually converting from the simple pursuit for the ability to control things or satisfy our material desire to the spiritual enrichment and development.

Key words: technology, humanities, human nature, progress