Abstract: From the Dynasty of Romanoff on, Czarist Russia was following a developing path of imperial expansion and space safety. During the formation and development of Russian Empire the foremost condition was to expand its space, which was also one of core factors to maintain its operation. Furthermore, the security of its empire was also guaranteed by controlling space. From Tsarist Russia to the Soviet Union to Russia today, they share one common feature that the operation of the nation is maintained and safeguarded through space expansion; however, there are also differences. Tsarist controlled its space only by territorial expansion and the Soviet Union used an ideological expansion, while Russia today is making sure of the post-Soviet CIS area as its particular interest and expanding the regional security organization to assure its security.

Key words: Russia , empire , space , security