华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 102-113.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2026.01.010

• 韦伯政治社会学研究 • 上一篇    

支配社会学中的“正当性”

刘拥华   

  • 接受日期:2025-12-31 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-02-02
  • 作者简介:刘拥华，华东政法大学社会学系教授（上海，201620）

“Legitimacy” in the Sociology of Domination

Yonghua Liu   

  • Accepted:2025-12-31 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-02

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摘要：

韦伯对支配或者政治正当性的分析，是韦伯政治社会学中的构成性部分，但支配或者正当性来源于何处，则众说纷纭。区别于从组织体强制分析正当性的思路，可以重新聚焦于利益的概念，来阐释正当性与利益之间的内在关联。在这个分析中，我们将正当性支配拉回到社会行动的框架中予以说明，而这个社会行动又主要关涉到行动者之间利益的关系。在此分析的基础上，可以发现，在政治行动中，行动者的动机世界包含着多元的因素，而非单一的考量，尤其是利益动机的因素是我们不可忽视的。

关键词: 支配, 正当性, 组织, 暴力, 利益

Abstract:

Weber’s analysis of domination or political legitimacy is a constitutive part of his political sociology. However, the origins of domination or legitimacy are subject to much debate. Rather than taking an approach of analyzing legitimacy through organizational coercion, this paper refocuses on the concept of interest to explain the intrinsic connection between legitimacy and interest. The domination of legitimacy needs to be explained within the framework of social action, which primarily concerns the interest relationship among agents. Based on this analysis, we realize that in political action, the motivation world of agents contains multiple factors, rather than one single motivation, and the factor of interest-based motivation, in particular, cannot be ignored.

Key words: domination, legitimacy, organization, violence, interest