关键词: 人类中心主义, 自我, 内敛式自我, 外倾式自我

Abstract: Self, as the reflective reference to oneself, has several meanings. It is the agent of social activities, the carrier of social relations, an organic element of social system, the creator and recipient of social values, the subject of social consciousness, the matrix of social culture, and the source of social impulse. In order to promote the development of society, or to realize the healthy and all-around development of individuals, self-consciousness of social subjects at different levels, along with self restoration, is necessary in practice, and theoretically, some problems such as limiting self merely to self of individuals, symptom of non-ego, and egotism dilemma must be explained reasonably. The self issue from the perspective of anthropocentricism contains three main aspects: first, the essence, types, characteristics and significance of self and other basic theoretical issues; second, introverted problems of self, including infantile-self, lost-self, devastated-self, shrinking-self, disdaining-self and commiserating-self; third, external problems of self, including externalized-self, narcissistic-self, egotistic-self and expanded-self. The introverted and external problems respectively represent two opposite attitudes of the subjective self towards objective self and external non-ego.