华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 76-90.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2020.06.009

• 语言学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

语言作为文化史分期标准:人类语思认知的五次突破

朱晓农1,2   

  1. 1 江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院(徐州, 221010);
    2 香港科技大学人文与社科学院
  • 发布日期:2020-11-23
  • 作者简介:朱晓农,江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院教授(徐州,221010),香港科技大学人文与社科学院教授。

Language as the Criterion for the Division of a Cultural History: Five Breakthroughs in Human Beings' Language-thinking

ZHU Xiao-nong1,2   

  • Published:2020-11-23

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摘要： 为大历史分期，可以按物质文化标准分为"农业—工业社会"等，也可以按制度文化标准分为"奴隶—封建社会"等。文章提出一种基于"语思"的大历史分期标准。语思可定义为语言和用语言进行的思维方式，及有语言性思维方式参与的认知。由此，在物质、制度、精神文化之外，辨认出第四类语思文化，并用语思认知的五次突破为标准，把大历史分为六个阶段：前语言期、语言文化期、文明期、理性文化期、科学文化期，以及刚露端倪的人工智能期。文章给出各语思文化期的特征，并与物质/制度文化加以比较。

关键词: 语言, 语思, 第四类文化, 六阶文化史

Abstract: In a grand way, the history can be either divided into agricultural society, industrial society and so on according to the criterion of material culture, or divided into slave society, feudal society and so on according to the criterion of institutional culture. This paper, however, proposes a division criterion of “language-thinking”, which can be defined as language, the way of thinking with language, and the cognition involved with linguistic thinking. Consequently, we can distinguish the fourth culture of language-thinking from material, institutional and spiritual culture. With the five breakthroughs in “language-thinking”, the grand history can be divided into six phases: the pre-linguistic phase, the phase of linguistic culture, the phase of civilization, the phase of rational culture, the phase of scientific culture, and the emerging phase of AI. This paper also analyzes the features of each phase of language-thinking culture by comparison.

Key words: language, linguistic thinking, the fourth kind of culture, six phases in a cultural history